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TI-2026-85097 Aliases CVE-2026-121958GHSA-449c-4f3m-649w

Heap out-of-bounds write in FreeRDP RDPGFX channel

Priority HIGH 73CWE-122Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Passive
Attack complexity
Low
Attack requirements
None
Impact type
Code execution
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · High · High
Fix status
No fix listed

Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-122 and the CVSS impact.

Summary

FreeRDP through 3.32.1 has a heap out-of-bounds write in its RDPGFX client. The delete_surface callback truncates surface hash keys to 16 bits, which leaves the surface table inconsistent so HashTable_GetKeys writes past its allocated key array (CWE-122). A malicious or man-in-the-middle RDP server can trigger this by sending crafted graphics channel messages. A proof-of-concept exploit is linked in the references.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-11-06

Description from the CNA

FreeRDP through 3.32.1 has a heap out-of-bounds write in the RDPGFX client because the delete_surface callback truncates surface hash keys to 16 bits, leaving the surface table inconsistent so HashTable_GetKeys writes past its allocated key array. A malicious or man-in-the-middle RDP server can exploit this by creating surfaceId 0xFFFF, closing the RDPGFX channel, sending repeated DELETESURFACE PDUs, and then sending ENDFRAME or RESETGRAPHICS.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00303 23rd percentileScored 2026-11-07
Public exploit Yes 1 exploit referenceTagged by NVD
Fix No fix listed No fixed version in the sources yet

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
Poc
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
FreeRDPFreeRDPup to 3.32.1—No fix listedCNA
  • FreeRDP VendorFreeRDP Affected up to 3.32.1 Fixed in — No fix listed CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 3.32.2VulnerableFreeRDP
  • cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 3.32.2 Vulnerable ·FreeRDP

Remediation

The sources list no fixed version for FreeRDP. Red Hat lists Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, 8, 9 and 10 as affected, with no fix available.

Written with Claude Haiku 5.5 from the sources below · 2026-11-06

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8AffectedNo fix yet
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9AffectedNo fix yet
Not affected: 1 product
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6

Timeline

  1. 2026-11-04 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-121958
  2. 2026-11-04 Alias added: GHSA-449c-4f3m-649w
  3. 2026-11-04 CISA SSVC decision points changed
  4. 2026-11-04 Priority changed: MEDIUM → HIGH
  5. 2026-11-05 CVSS score added · NVD
  6. 2026-11-06 Affected versions changed · Red Hat
  7. 2026-11-06 CVSS score added · Red Hat
  8. 2026-11-06 Affected versions changed · Red Hat

References

Exploit 1

  • TI-2026-85092 Use-after-free in FreeRDP rdpgfx channel close handling CVSS 4.0CRITICAL 9.3
  • TI-2026-85091 Out-of-bounds write in FreeRDP proxy via bitmap cache v2 capability CVSS 4.0CRITICAL 9.3
  • TI-2026-24435 FreeRDP has a `size_t` underflow in ADPCM decoder leads to heap-buffer-overflow write CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2023-21373 Out-Of-Bounds Write in FreeRDP CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2022-08692 Server side NTLM does not properly check parameters in FreeRDP CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
  • TI-2023-21374 Out-Of-Bounds Read in FreeRDP CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
See all 336 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences