Read the docs
TI-2025-28159 Aliases CVE-2025-43457GHSA-9c63-94gf-85h2

Use after free in Apple Safari

Priority LOW 32CWE-416Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Attack complexity
Low
Impact type
Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
None · None · High
Fix status
Partial Red Hat: 15 fixed, 1 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CISA ADP. Fix status from CNA and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-416 and the CVSS impact.

Summary

A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in Safari 26.1, iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, macOS Tahoe 26.1, visionOS 26.1, watchOS 26.1. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected Safari crash.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00613 49th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Partial Safari (Apple): 26.1iOS and iPadOS (Apple): 26.1+3 more productsRed Hat: 11 advisoriesRed Hat: 15 fixed, 1 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Total

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
AppleSafaribefore 26.126.1Patch availableCNA
AppleiOS and iPadOSbefore 26.126.1Patch availableCNA
ApplemacOSbefore 26.126.1Patch availableCNA
ApplevisionOSbefore 26.126.1Patch availableCNA
ApplewatchOSbefore 26.126.1Patch availableCNA
  • Safari VendorApple Affected before 26.1 Fixed in 26.1 Patch available CNA
  • iOS and iPadOS VendorApple Affected before 26.1 Fixed in 26.1 Patch available CNA
  • macOS VendorApple Affected before 26.1 Fixed in 26.1 Patch available CNA
  • visionOS VendorApple Affected before 26.1 Fixed in 26.1 Patch available CNA
  • watchOS VendorApple Affected before 26.1 Fixed in 26.1 Patch available CNA

CPE configurations NVD · 5

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:apple:safari:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 26.1VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 26.1VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 26.1VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 26.1VulnerableApple
cpe:2.3:o:apple:watchos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*before 26.1VulnerableApple
  • cpe:2.3:a:apple:safari:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 26.1 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 26.1 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 26.1 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 26.1 Vulnerable ·Apple
  • cpe:2.3:o:apple:watchos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions before 26.1 Vulnerable ·Apple

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA Safari (Apple) Fixed in 26.1
  • Fix · CNA iOS and iPadOS (Apple) Fixed in 26.1
  • Fix · CNA macOS (Apple) Fixed in 26.1
  • Fix · CNA visionOS (Apple) Fixed in 26.1
  • Fix · CNA watchOS (Apple) Fixed in 26.1

Red Hat 11 advisories

  • RHSA-2026:22136 Released 2026-06-01 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkitgtk4 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS) webkitgtk4-2.52.3-1.el7_9, webkitgtk4-devel-2.52.3-1.el7_9, webkitgtk4-jsc-2.52.3-1.el7_9 +1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional (v. 7 ELS) webkitgtk4-devel-2.52.3-1.el7_9, webkitgtk4-doc-2.52.3-1.el7_9, webkitgtk4-jsc-devel-2.52.3-1.el7_9
  • RHSA-2026:19535 Released 2026-05-20 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el9_0, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el9_0, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el9_0 +1
  • RHSA-2026:19206 Released 2026-05-19 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el9_8, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el9_8, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el9_8 +1
Show 8 more Red Hat advisories
  • RHSA-2026:16695 Released 2026-05-13 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el9_2, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el9_2, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el9_2 +1
  • RHSA-2026:16056 Released 2026-05-11 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el8_4, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el8_4, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el8_4 +1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el8_4, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el8_4, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el8_4 +1
  • RHSA-2026:14659 Released 2026-05-07 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el9_4, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el9_4, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el9_4 +1
  • RHSA-2026:13845 Released 2026-05-05 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el8_6, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el8_6, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el8_6 +1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.6) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el8_6, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el8_6, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el8_6 +1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.6) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el8_6, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el8_6, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el8_6 +1
  • RHSA-2026:11814 Released 2026-04-29 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el8_8, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el8_8, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el8_8 +1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el8_8, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el8_8, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el8_8 +1
  • RHSA-2026:11329 Released 2026-04-28 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el9_6, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el9_6, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el9_6 +1
  • RHSA-2026:10702 Released 2026-04-27 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-1.el8_10, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-1.el8_10, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-1.el8_10 +1
  • RHSA-2026:9692 Released 2026-04-22 · Red Hat rating Important
    webkit2gtk3 security update
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) webkit2gtk3-2.52.3-0.el9_7.1, webkit2gtk3-devel-2.52.3-0.el9_7.1, webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.52.3-0.el9_7.1 +1

Fixed in the same release

Records fixed by the same vendor advisory or release, as the CNA lists them.

  • Release ·

    Apple visionOS 26.1

    43 records Highest priority Priority MEDIUM 4 MEDIUM, 39 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-28137 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28135 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28140 Authentication bypass in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 40
    Show all 43 records →
  • Release ·

    Apple macOS 26.1

    31 records Highest priority Priority MEDIUM 3 MEDIUM, 28 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-28137 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28135 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28140 Authentication bypass in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 40
    Show all 31 records →
Show 3 more groups
  • Release ·

    Apple watchOS 26.1

    30 records Highest priority Priority MEDIUM 4 MEDIUM, 26 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-28137 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28135 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28140 Authentication bypass in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 40
    Show all 30 records →
  • Release ·

    Apple iOS and iPadOS 26.1

    25 records Highest priority Priority MEDIUM 2 MEDIUM, 23 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-28140 Authentication bypass in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 40
    • TI-2025-28118 Improper access control in Apple iOS and iPadOSPriority MEDIUM 40
    • TI-2025-28203 Improper access control in Apple SafariPriority LOW 39
    Show all 25 records →
  • Release ·

    Apple Safari 26.1

    21 records Highest priority Priority MEDIUM 2 MEDIUM, 19 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2025-28137 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28135 Memory corruption in Apple SafariPriority MEDIUM 42
    • TI-2025-28203 Improper access control in Apple SafariPriority LOW 39
    Show all 21 records →

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Important. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

ProductStatusPlan or fix
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6AffectedNo fix planned: Out of support scope
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)Fixed RHSA-2026:10702
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9)Fixed RHSA-2026:19206, RHSA-2026:9692
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:16056
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:13845
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:13845
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2026:11814
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0)Fixed RHSA-2026:19535
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2)Fixed RHSA-2026:16695
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:14659
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:11329
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4)Fixed RHSA-2026:16056
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.6)Fixed RHSA-2026:13845
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8)Fixed RHSA-2026:11814
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS)Fixed RHSA-2026:22136
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional (v. 7 ELS)Fixed RHSA-2026:22136
Not affected: 1 product
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-43457
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-9c63-94gf-85h2

References

Advisory 4

Other 1

  • TI-2025-28008 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2025-22441 Apple iOS and iPadOS: An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to… KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2025-22440 Memory corruption in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
  • TI-2025-17951 Out-of-bounds write in Apple Safari KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2025-17847 Use after free in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2022-06854 Out-of-bounds write in Apple iOS and iPadOS KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
See all 2382 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences