vLLM Allows Remote Code Execution via PyNcclPipe Communication Service
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Network
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Impact type
- Code execution
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- High · High · High
- Fix status
- Fixed
Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-502.
Summary
vLLM, an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs), has an issue in versions 0.6.5 through 0.8.4 that ONLY impacts environments using the `PyNcclPipe` KV cache transfer integration with the V0 engine. No other configurations are affected. vLLM supports the use of the `PyNcclPipe` class to establish a peer-to-peer communication domain for data transmission between distributed nodes. The GPU-side KV-Cache transmission is implemented through the `PyNcclCommunicator` class, while CPU-side control message passing is handled via the `send_obj` and `recv_obj` methods on the CPU side. The intention was that this interface should only be exposed to a private network using the IP address specified by the `--kv-ip` CLI parameter. The vLLM documentation covers how this must be limited to a secured network. The default and intentional behavior from PyTorch is that the `TCPStore` interface listens on ALL interfaces, regardless of what IP address is provided. The IP address given was only used as a client-side address to use. vLLM was fixed to use a workaround to force the `TCPStore` instance to bind its socket to a specified private interface. As of version 0.8.5, vLLM limits the `TCPStore` socket to the private interface as configured.
Why it matters now
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- None
- Automatable
- Yes
- Technical impact
- Total
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| vllm-project | vllm | 0.6.5 to before 0.8.5 | 0.8.5 | Patch available | CNA |
| — | vllm (PyPI) | 0.6.5 to before 0.8.5 | 0.8.5 | Patch available | GHSA-hjq4-87xh-g4fv |
- vllm Vendorvllm-project Affected 0.6.5 to before 0.8.5 Fixed in 0.8.5 Patch available CNA
- vllm (PyPI) Vendor— Affected 0.6.5 to before 0.8.5 Fixed in 0.8.5 Patch available GHSA-hjq4-87xh-g4fv
Remediation
- Fix · CNA vllm (vllm-project) Fixed in 0.8.5
- Fix · GHSA-hjq4-87xh-g4fv vllm (PyPI) Fixed in 0.8.5 Advisory →
Red Hat 12 advisories
- RHSA-2025:15867 Released 2025-09-15 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 (Intel Gaudi)
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 registry.redhat.io/rhelai1/instructlab-intel-rhel9
- RHSA-2025:15843 Released 2025-09-15 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 (AMD)
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 registry.redhat.io/rhelai1/instructlab-amd-rhel9
- RHSA-2025:15841 Released 2025-09-15 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 (NVIDIA)
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 registry.redhat.io/rhelai1/bootc-nvidia-rhel9
Show 9 more Red Hat advisories
- RHSA-2025:15842 Released 2025-09-15 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 (NVIDIA)
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 registry.redhat.io/rhelai1/bootc-azure-nvidia-rhel9
- RHSA-2025:15838 Released 2025-09-15 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 (NVIDIA)
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 registry.redhat.io/rhelai1/bootc-aws-nvidia-rhel9
- RHSA-2025:15839 Released 2025-09-15 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 (AMD)
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 registry.redhat.io/rhelai1/bootc-amd-rhel9
- RHSA-2025:15840 Released 2025-09-15 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 (AMD)
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 registry.redhat.io/rhelai1/bootc-azure-amd-rhel9
- RHSA-2025:15837 Released 2025-09-15 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 (NVIDIA)
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 registry.redhat.io/rhelai1/bootc-gcp-nvidia-rhel9
- RHSA-2025:15836 Released 2025-09-15 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 (Intel Gaudi)
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 registry.redhat.io/rhelai1/bootc-intel-rhel9
- RHSA-2025:15832 Released 2025-09-15 · Red Hat rating ImportantRed Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 (NVIDIA)
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 registry.redhat.io/rhelai1/instructlab-nvidia-rhel9
- RHSA-2025:10404 Released 2025-07-07 · Red Hat rating ModerateRed Hat AI Inference Server 3.0 (CUDA)
- Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.1 registry.redhat.io/rhaiis/vllm-cuda-rhel9
- RHSA-2025:10403 Released 2025-07-07 · Red Hat rating ModerateRed Hat AI Inference Server 3.0 (ROCm)
- Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.1 registry.redhat.io/rhaiis/vllm-rocm-rhel9
Vendor assessments
Red Hat
Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →
| Product | Status | Plan or fix |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.1 | Fixed | RHSA-2025:10403, RHSA-2025:10404 |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 1.5 | Fixed | RHSA-2025:15832, RHSA-2025:15836, RHSA-2025:15837, RHSA-2025:15838, RHSA-2025:15839, RHSA-2025:15840, RHSA-2025:15841, RHSA-2025:15842, RHSA-2025:15843, RHSA-2025:15867 |
Not affected: 1 product
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI)
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-47277
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-hjq4-87xh-g4fv
References
Patch 2
Advisory 2
More vllm-project vulnerabilities
- TI-2024-10229 Remote Code Execution in vllm-project/vllm CVSS 3.0CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2024-08404 Remote Code Execution in vllm-project/vllm CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
- TI-2026-36017 vLLM: OpenAI auth bypass CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
- TI-2026-63056 vLLM before 0.28.0 Denial of Service via negative token ID CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
- TI-2026-04308 Hardcoded trust_remote_code=True in vllm-project/vllm Bypasses User Security Control CVSS 3.0HIGH 8.8
- TI-2026-39137 vLLM: Remote DoS in vLLM via Invalid Recovered Token Reinjection CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5
Sources
- CVE-2025-47277 · CVE Program
- CVE-2025-47277 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-hjq4-87xh-g4fv · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
- CVE-2025-47277 · Red Hat security data · CC BY 4.0
This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences