TI-2025-31037 Aliases CVE-2025-48887 GHSA-w6q7-j642-7c25

Regular expression denial of service in vllm-project vllm

MEDIUM 62CWE-1333Published 2025-05-30 · Updated 2025-05-30

Key facts

Attack vector: Network
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Attack complexity: Low
Impact type: Denial of service
Confidentiality · integrity · availability: None · None · High
Fix status: Partial Red Hat: 2 without a fix

Attack profile from CVSS 3.1 · CNA. Fix status from CNA, GitHub and Red Hat. Impact type from CWE-1333.

Summary

vLLM, an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs), has a Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) vulnerability in the file `vllm/entrypoints/openai/tool_parsers/pythonic_tool_parser.py` of versions 0.6.4 up to but excluding 0.9.0. The root cause is the use of a highly complex and nested regular expression for tool call detection, which can be exploited by an attacker to cause severe performance degradation or make the service unavailable. The pattern contains multiple nested quantifiers, optional groups, and inner repetitions which make it vulnerable to catastrophic backtracking. Version 0.9.0 contains a patch for the issue.

Why it matters now

Exploitation Proof of concept CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV

EPSS 0.00541 45th percentileScored 2026-11-07

Public exploit Yes 1 exploit referenceTagged by NVD

Fix Partial vllm (vllm-project): 0.9.0vllm (PyPI): 0.9.0Red Hat: 2 without a fix

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation: Poc
Automatable: No
Technical impact: Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

Vendor	Product	Affected versions	Fixed in	Status	Source
vllm-project	vllm	0.6.4 to before 0.9.0	0.9.0	Patch available	CNA
—	vllm (PyPI)	0.6.4 to before 0.9.0	0.9.0	Patch available	GHSA-w6q7-j642-7c25

vllm Vendorvllm-project Affected 0.6.4 to before 0.9.0 Fixed in 0.9.0 Patch available CNA
vllm (PyPI) Vendor— Affected 0.6.4 to before 0.9.0 Fixed in 0.9.0 Patch available GHSA-w6q7-j642-7c25

CPE configurations NVD · 1

CPE	Versions	Role	Vendor
cpe:2.3:a:vllm:vllm::::::::	0.6.4 to before 0.9.0	Vulnerable	vLLM

cpe:2.3:a:vllm:vllm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Versions 0.6.4 to before 0.9.0 Vulnerable ·vLLM

Remediation

Fix · CNA vllm (vllm-project) Fixed in 0.9.0
Fix · GHSA-w6q7-j642-7c25 vllm (PyPI) Fixed in 0.9.0 Advisory →

Vendor assessments

Red Hat

Red Hat rating: Moderate. Red Hat's page for this CVE →

Product	Status	Plan or fix
Red Hat AI Inference Server	Affected	No fix yet: Fix deferred
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI)	Affected	No fix yet: Fix deferred

Timeline

2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2025-48887
2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-w6q7-j642-7c25

References

Exploit 1

https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-w6q7-j642-7c25

Patch 2

Advisory 1

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48887

Other 2

TI-2024-10229 Remote Code Execution in vllm-project/vllm CVSS 3.0CRITICAL 9.8
TI-2024-08404 Remote Code Execution in vllm-project/vllm CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.8
TI-2026-36017 vLLM: OpenAI auth bypass CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.1
TI-2026-63056 vLLM before 0.28.0 Denial of Service via negative token ID CVSS 4.0HIGH 8.7
TI-2026-04308 Hardcoded trust_remote_code=True in vllm-project/vllm Bypasses User Security Control CVSS 3.0HIGH 8.8
TI-2026-39137 vLLM: Remote DoS in vLLM via Invalid Recovered Token Reinjection CVSS 3.1HIGH 7.5

See all 124 →

Sources

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