n8n - SQL Injection in MySQL v1 executeQuery Operation via Expression Interpolation
Key facts
- Attack vector
- Network
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Attack requirements
- Present
- Impact type
- SQL injection
- Confidentiality · integrity · availability
- None · None · None
- Fix status
- Fixed
Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and GitHub. Impact type from CWE-89.
Summary
n8n before 1.123.61, 2.x before 2.27.4, and 2.28.x before 2.28.1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the legacy MySQL v1 node's executeQuery operation. The operation substitutes evaluated {{ ... }} expression values directly into the raw SQL string without parameterization. When a workflow uses this operation with expression-sourced values and is connected to an externally-reachable trigger (such as a Webhook node), attacker-controlled input reaching those expressions results in SQL injection, allowing execution of arbitrary SQL with the configured MySQL credentials' privileges. The MySQL v2 node, which uses parameterized queries, is not affected.
Why it matters now
SSVC decision points
CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3
- Exploitation
- None
- Automatable
- No
- Technical impact
- Total
The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n8n | n8n | before 1.123.61 | 1.123.61 | Patch available | CNA |
| n8n | n8n | 2.28.0 to before 2.28.1 | 2.28.1 | Patch available | CNA |
| n8n | n8n | 2.0.0-rc.0 to before 2.27.4 | 2.27.4 | Patch available | CNA |
| — | n8n (npm) | before 1.123.61 | 1.123.61 | Patch available | GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9 |
| — | n8n (npm) | 2.28.0 to before 2.28.1 | 2.28.1 | Patch available | GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9 |
| — | n8n (npm) | 2.0.0-rc.0 to before 2.27.4 | 2.27.4 | Patch available | GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9 |
- n8n Vendorn8n Affected before 1.123.61 Fixed in 1.123.61 Patch available CNA
- n8n Vendorn8n Affected 2.28.0 to before 2.28.1 Fixed in 2.28.1 Patch available CNA
- n8n Vendorn8n Affected 2.0.0-rc.0 to before 2.27.4 Fixed in 2.27.4 Patch available CNA
- n8n (npm) Vendor— Affected before 1.123.61 Fixed in 1.123.61 Patch available GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9
- n8n (npm) Vendor— Affected 2.28.0 to before 2.28.1 Fixed in 2.28.1 Patch available GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9
- n8n (npm) Vendor— Affected 2.0.0-rc.0 to before 2.27.4 Fixed in 2.27.4 Patch available GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9
Remediation
- Fix · CNA n8n (n8n) Fixed in 1.123.61
- Fix · CNA n8n (n8n) Fixed in 2.28.1
- Fix · CNA n8n (n8n) Fixed in 2.27.4
- Fix · GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9 n8n (npm) Fixed in 1.123.61 Advisory →
- Fix · GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9 n8n (npm) Fixed in 2.28.1 Advisory →
- Fix · GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9 n8n (npm) Fixed in 2.27.4 Advisory →
Timeline
- 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-59257
- 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9
- 2026-10-29 Affected versions changed · CNA
References
Advisory 2
More N8n vulnerabilities
- TI-2025-42131 n8n Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via Expression Injection KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
- TI-2026-17560 n8n Vulnerable to Unauthenticated File Access via Improper Webhook Request Handling CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
- TI-2026-01167 Authenticated users can bypass the Expression sandbox mechanism to achieve full remote… CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.9
- TI-2026-00644 Sandbox escape in n8n Python task runner allows for arbitrary code execution on the underlying host. CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.9
- TI-2025-35293 An arbitrary file upload vulnerability in the Chat Trigger component of N8N v1.95.3… CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
- TI-2023-12275 The n8n package 0.218.0 for Node.js allows Escalation of Privileges. CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
Sources
- CVE-2026-59257 · CVE Program
- CVE-2026-59257 · NVD
- FIRST EPSS
- GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9 · GitHub Advisory Database · CC BY 4.0
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