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TI-2026-42399 Aliases CVE-2026-59259GHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm

n8n - Permission Bypass via Expression Parser Mismatch in External Secrets

Priority LOW 27CWE-639Published · Updated

Key facts

Attack vector
Network
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low
Attack requirements
Present
Impact type
Security bypass
Confidentiality · integrity · availability
High · None · None
Fix status
Fixed

Attack profile from CVSS 4.0 · CNA. Fix status from CNA and GitHub. Impact type from CWE-639.

Summary

n8n before versions 1.123.61, 2.27.4, and 2.28.1 contains a permission bypass vulnerability in external secrets handling caused by a mismatch between the static validation check and the runtime expression engine. An authenticated user with credential create or update permissions but without the externalSecret:list scope can embed external secret references into credentials in forms the static validation does not detect; these references resolve at workflow execution time, exposing secret values the user is not authorized to access. This issue only affects instances where an external secrets provider is configured and Advanced Permissions are in use.

Why it matters now

Exploitation None reported CISA SSVC · not in CISA KEV
EPSS 0.00438 38th percentileScored 2026-11-07
Fix Fixed n8n (n8n): 1.123.61, 2.28.1, 2.27.4n8n (npm): 1.123.61, 2.28.1, 2.27.4

SSVC decision points

CISA ADP · SSVC 2.0.3

Exploitation
None
Automatable
No
Technical impact
Partial

The decision (Track, Attend, Act) also depends on your mission and well-being impact; see CISA's SSVC guide.

Affected products

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed inStatusSource
n8nn8nbefore 1.123.611.123.61Patch availableCNA
n8nn8n2.28.0 to before 2.28.12.28.1Patch availableCNA
n8nn8n2.0.0-rc.0 to before 2.27.42.27.4Patch availableCNA
—n8n (npm)before 1.123.611.123.61Patch availableGHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm
—n8n (npm)2.28.0 to before 2.28.12.28.1Patch availableGHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm
—n8n (npm)2.0.0-rc.0 to before 2.27.42.27.4Patch availableGHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm
  • n8n Vendorn8n Affected before 1.123.61 Fixed in 1.123.61 Patch available CNA
  • n8n Vendorn8n Affected 2.28.0 to before 2.28.1 Fixed in 2.28.1 Patch available CNA
  • n8n Vendorn8n Affected 2.0.0-rc.0 to before 2.27.4 Fixed in 2.27.4 Patch available CNA
  • n8n (npm) Vendor— Affected before 1.123.61 Fixed in 1.123.61 Patch available GHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm
  • n8n (npm) Vendor— Affected 2.28.0 to before 2.28.1 Fixed in 2.28.1 Patch available GHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm
  • n8n (npm) Vendor— Affected 2.0.0-rc.0 to before 2.27.4 Fixed in 2.27.4 Patch available GHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm

CPE configurations NVD · 3

CPEVersionsRoleVendor
cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*before 1.123.61; 2.0.0 to before 2.27.4Vulnerablen8n
cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:2.28.0:*:*:*:community:node.js:*:*2.28.0Vulnerablen8n
cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:2.28.0:*:*:*:enterprise:node.js:*:*2.28.0Vulnerablen8n
  • cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* Versions before 1.123.61; 2.0.0 to before 2.27.4 Vulnerable ·n8n
  • cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:2.28.0:*:*:*:community:node.js:*:* Versions 2.28.0 Vulnerable ·n8n
  • cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:2.28.0:*:*:*:enterprise:node.js:*:* Versions 2.28.0 Vulnerable ·n8n

Remediation

  • Fix · CNA n8n (n8n) Fixed in 1.123.61
  • Fix · CNA n8n (n8n) Fixed in 2.28.1
  • Fix · CNA n8n (n8n) Fixed in 2.27.4
  • Fix · GHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm n8n (npm) Fixed in 1.123.61 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm n8n (npm) Fixed in 2.28.1 Advisory →
  • Fix · GHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm n8n (npm) Fixed in 2.27.4 Advisory →

Fixed in the same release

Records fixed by the same vendor advisory or release, as the CNA lists them.

  • Release ·

    n8n 2.27.4, 2.28.1

    2 records Highest priority Priority LOW 2 LOW

    Other records, highest priority first

    • TI-2026-42394 n8n - External Secrets Disclosure via Workflow Node ExpressionsPriority LOW 28
    Show all 2 records →

Timeline

  1. 2026-10-02 Threatist record created from CVE-2026-59259
  2. 2026-10-03 Alias added: GHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm
  3. 2026-10-29 Affected versions changed · CNA

References

Advisory 2

Other 4

  • TI-2025-42131 n8n Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via Expression Injection KEVCVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2026-17560 n8n Vulnerable to Unauthenticated File Access via Improper Webhook Request Handling CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 10.0
  • TI-2026-01167 Authenticated users can bypass the Expression sandbox mechanism to achieve full remote… CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.9
  • TI-2026-00644 Sandbox escape in n8n Python task runner allows for arbitrary code execution on the underlying host. CVSS 3.1CRITICAL 9.9
  • TI-2025-35293 An arbitrary file upload vulnerability in the Chat Trigger component of N8N v1.95.3… CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
  • TI-2023-12275 The n8n package 0.218.0 for Node.js allows Escalation of Privileges. CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8
See all 178 →

Sources

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. Sources and licences